Ikike ịrụ ọrụ buru ibu

Igwe anya anya anya buru ibu (na-ezo aka na ngwa anya nwere dayameta sitere na iri centimita ruo ọtụtụ mita) na-arụ ọrụ dị oke egwu na teknụzụ ngwa anya ọgbara ọhụrụ, yana ngwa na-agbasa ọtụtụ mpaghara dị ka nlele mbara igwe, physics laser, nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ na akụrụngwa ọgwụ. Ihe ndị a na-akọwa n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ọnọdụ ngwa, ọrụ, na ikpe ndị a na-ahụkarị:

1, Enwetara ike mkpokọta Light

Ụkpụrụ: Nnukwu oghere oghere kwekọrọ na oghere ọkụ ka ukwuu (mpaghara dị irè), na-enyere aka nchịkọta nke ike ọkụ.

Ihe ngosi ngwa:

Nleba anya gbasara mbara igwe: Dịka ọmụmaatụ, lenses beryllium buru ibu iri na asatọ nke James Webb Telescope weghara ìhè kpakpando na-adịghị ike site na ijeri afọ 13 site n'ịgbasa ebe a na-anakọta ọkụ.

2, emelitere ngwa anya mkpebi na nkenke onyonyo

Ụkpụrụ: Dị ka criterion Rayleigh si dị, ka oghere oghere ahụ na-ebuwanye ibu, na-eme ka mkpebi dị oke nke diffraction dị elu (usoro: θ≈1.22λ/D, ebe D bụ oghere oghere).

Ihe ngosi ngwa:

Satellites Sensing Remote: lenses ebumnobi buru ibu (dịka, oghere 2.4-mita nke satịlaịtị US Keyhole) nwere ike dozie ebumnuche ala na nha 0.1-mita.

3, Modulation nke Light na-adọ, njupụta, na Polarization

Nghọta nka na ụzụ: A na-agbanwe àgwà ihu ihu ọkụ site na imewe ọdịdị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, parabolic, apheric surface) ma ọ bụ usoro mkpuchi na oghere.

Ngwa ahụkarị:

Ndị na-achọpụta Wave Gravitational (LIGO): lenses silica fused buru ibu na-ejigide nkwụsi ike nke oge nke nnyonye anya laser site na ọdịdị elu dị elu (njehie <1 nanometer).

Sistemụ Nleba anya Polarization: A na-eji polarizer buru ibu ma ọ bụ efere ebili mmiri na akụrụngwa nhazi laser iji chịkwaa ọnọdụ polarization nke lasers wee bulie mmetụta nhazi ihe.