The Uto Theory nke Laser Crystal

Na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ, a na-eji ụkpụrụ nke sayensị na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu iji chịkwaa usoro uto kristal, na uto kristal malitere ịmalite site na nka gaa na sayensị. Karịsịa kemgbe 1950s, mmepe nke ihe semiconductor nke silicon kristal na-anọchi anya akwalitela mmepe nke echiche uto kristal na teknụzụ. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mmepe nke ụdị semiconductor dị iche iche na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka eletrọnịkị, ihe optoelectronic, ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụ anya, ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, ihe ferroelectric, na metal otu kristal ihe na-eduga n'ọtụtụ usoro nsogbu. A na-etinyekwa ihe ndị ọzọ siri ike chọrọ maka teknụzụ uto kristal. Nnyocha na ụkpụrụ na nkà na ụzụ nke uto kristal aghọwo ihe dị mkpa ma ghọọ ngalaba dị mkpa nke sayensị na nkà na ụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, uto kristal ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ mepụta usoro echiche sayensị, nke a na-eji achịkwa usoro uto kristal. Otú ọ dị, usoro ihe ọmụma a ezughị okè, ma a ka nwere ọtụtụ ọdịnaya nke dabere na ahụmahụ. Ya mere, a na-ewerekarị uto kristal dị ka ngwakọta nka na sayensị.
Nkwadebe nke kristal zuru ezu chọrọ ọnọdụ ndị a:
1.The okpomọkụ nke usoro mmeghachi omume kwesịrị ịchịkwa uniformly. Iji gbochie oke oyi na mpaghara ma ọ bụ ikpo ọkụ, ọ ga-emetụta nucleation na uto nke kristal.
2. Usoro crystallization kwesịrị ịdị nwayọọ dị ka o kwere mee iji gbochie nucleation ozugbo. N'ihi na ozugbo nucleation na-apụtaghị ìhè, a ga-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị mma ma gbochie uto kristal.
3. Dakọtara ọnụego jụrụ oyi na nucleation kristal na ọnụego uto. A na-etolite kristal ahụ n'otu n'otu, enweghị ntinye uche na kristal, na ihe mejupụtara ya adịghị adabere na nha kemịkalụ.
Enwere ike kewaa ụzọ uto kristal n'ime ụzọ anọ dịka ụdị usoro nne na nna ha si dị, ya bụ uto agbaze, uto ngwọta, uto akụkụ uzuoku na uto siri ike. Ụdị ụzọ itolite kristal anọ a abanyela n'ọtụtụ usoro uto kristal nwere mgbanwe na ọnọdụ njikwa.
N'ozuzu, ma ọ bụrụ na dum usoro nke kristal ibu bụ decomrated, ọ kwesịrị dịkarịa ala na-agụnye ndị na-esonụ bụ isi usoro: mgbasa nke solute, guzobe kristal ibu unit, iga nke crystal ibu unit na ibu ibu, crystal ibu The ije na Nchikota nke mmewere na kristal elu na mgbanwe nke kristal ibu interface, nke mere na-aghọta na kristal ibu.